Hormones in Heart act against obesity and insulin resistance

Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (SBP) in Lake Nona, Florida. It have shown that enhanced natriuretic peptide (NP) signaling in adipose tissue protects against obesity and insulin resistance. The findings suggest that boosting levels of NPs in adipose tissue may be an important avenue. To explore for combating metabolic disease.

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we have known that NPs control blood pressure and can promote the conversion of energy-storing. "Bad" white fat into energy-burning "good" brown fat, says Sheila Collins, Ph.D., professor in the Integrative Metabolism Program at SBP Lake Nona and senior author on the paper. "What we discovered in this study is the important role for NPs in managing metabolism. and resisting the deleterious effects of a high-fat diet.

NPRC receptors

Made in the heart, atrial and B-type natriuretic peptides (NPs) are hormones. That were originally discovered to modulate salt and water to control blood pressure. Meanwhile, these peptides transmit their signals through natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA). Meanwhile, natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPRC) removes NPs from circulation.

The researchers studied mice with NPRC receptors selectively knocked out in either adipose or skeletal muscle tissue. While deleting NPRC in muscle provided no protection from a high-fat diet. Finally, Eliminating the receptor in adipose tissue improved insulin sensitivity, prevented obesity and increased sugar uptake in metabolism-boosting brown fat. In addition, the adipose knockout mice showed higher energy expenditure and less inflammation.

However, these findings dovetail with clinical research that has shown naturally lean people tend to have higher NP concentrations in their blood. By contrast, NP clearance tends to rise in fat tissue, removing these peptides from the blood and making it more difficult for effective NP signaling to happen.

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Around a third of adults in the U.S. are obese, increasing their risk for type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease and other conditions. With these results, scientists can begin exploring NPs as therapeutic targets. This will require intense investigation, as any effective treatment must avoid adverse effects on blood pressure. While this study increased the NP signal by knocking out NPRCs, another approach might be to focus on NPRAs.